Garden and landscape design - Art, science, and nature | Britannica

JavaScript is not enabled in your browser! We strongly suggest you turn on JavaScript in your browser in order to view this page properly and take full advantage of its features. It involves the systematic investigation of existing social, ecological, and geological conditions and processes in the landscape, and the design of interventions that will produce the desired outcome.

The scope of the profession includes urban design,site planning, town or urban planning, landscape architecture design materials sci, environmental restoration, parks and recreation planning; green infrastructure planning and provision, all at varying scales of design, planning and management.

A practitioner in the profession of landscape architecture is called a landscape architect. History of landscape architecture Through the 19th century, urban planning became more important, and it was the combination of modern planning with the tradition of landscape gardening that gave Landscape Architecture its unique focus.

In the second half of the century, Frederick Law Olmsted completed a series of parks which continue to have a huge influence on the practices of Landscape Architecture today. Landscape architecture continues to develop as a design discipline, Landscape Architecture Or Interior Design Studies and has responded to many of the movements of design and architecture through the 20th century. Today, a healthy level of innovation continues to provide challenging design solutions for streetscapes,parks and gardens.

Ian McHarg is considered an important influence on the modern Landscape Architecture profession and land planning in particular. With his book "Design with Nature", he popularized a system of analyzing the layers of a site in order to compile a complete understanding of the qualitative attributes of a place.

McHarg would give every qualitative aspect of the site a layer, such as the history, hydrology, topography, vegetation. GIS software is landscape architecture design materials sci used in the landscape architecture profession today to analyze materials in and on the Earth's surface and is similarly used by Urban Planners, Geographers, Forestry and Natural Resources professionals, etc, landscape architecture design materials sci.

Duties Landscape architecture is a multi-disciplinary field, incorporating aspects of land use planning, environmental psychology, botany, industrial design and landscape ecology. The activities of a landscape architect can range from the creation of public parks and parkways to site planning for corporate office buildings, from the design of residential estates to the design of civil infrastructure and the management of large wilderness areas or reclamation of degraded landscapes such as mines or landfills.

The most valuable contribution is often made at the earliest stage of a project in generating ideas and bringing flair and creativity to the use of space. The landscape architect can contribute to the overall concept and prepare an initial master plan, from which detailed designs can subsequently be prepared.

He or she can also let and supervise contracts for construction work, prepare design landscape architecture design materials sci assessments, conduct environmental assessments or audits and act as an expert witness at inquiries on land use.

He or she can also support or prepare applications for capital or revenue funding grants. In some jurisdictions, such as the province of Ontario, Canada, all designs for landscape architecture design materials sci space must be approved by a licensed landscape architect.

For the period before see section on History, belowthe history of landscape architecture is largely that of master planning.

The first person to write of "making" a landscape was Joseph Addison in The term "landscape architecture" was invented by Gilbert Laing Meason in and was first used as a professional title by Frederick Law Olmsted in During the nineteenth century, the term "landscape architect" became reserved for people who design landscapes.

Source: Wikipedia. Central Park is a standard example of landscape architecture. All rights reserved, landscape architecture design materials sci.

In all of these, space is defined by ground or floor surfaces below, obstacles that block vision horizontally or terminate it at the horizon, and sky overhead. Concrete, brick, metallic chains, wood, bamboo are the materials that are used for the purpose of fencing. Two eye-catching pool environments are nestled into naturally vegetated hillsides This does not mean, however, that there is an inherent or inevitable conflict between utility and beauty. Article Contents. Wood is a very delicate and a material that needs a lot of maintenance.
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