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While the sections below have categorized the plants into trees, vegetables, herbs and flowers , you need to be combining a variety of plants from each category in order for your edible landscape to be a success. Trees and shrubs are the very first plants that should be brought into a new garden, because these will take up the most space, and will serve Landscaping 3d Design Software Free Image as focal points in themselves.
Fruit trees are the most common types to incorporate into edible landscapes, such as:. If you do not have enough space for standard-sized fruit trees, remember that there are dwarf and miniature varieties too. Many of these can be grown in large pots, with a height of just a few feet, and are available in just about every fruit you could imagine.
Nut trees are also extremely productive, with the nuts themselves being a fantastic protein source. Here are a few varieties to consider:. When it comes to trees to avoid , the black walnut tree is the main one.
This tree releases a chemical that is toxic to other plants, and does this in order to eliminate competition from other plants in a forest setting. If you have a black walnut tree, it will be extremely challenging trying to grow other plants under, around, or even near it. Of course, fruits come in forms other than trees. Strawberries make great ground cover, and if you are worried about them spreading too much, you can opt for an alpine or wild strawberry variety, as these tend to stay in clumps and do not send out runners.
When it comes to blueberries, gooseberries and currants , these can be turned into an edible hedge, whether to provide a windbreak or to add some privacy to a garden. The plants grow quite densely together, and, with blueberries, there are some varieties that have been bred for their ornamental beauty as well as their fruit production, such as Pink Icing.
With tomatoes, small cherry tomatoes are best, as these form attractive little clusters, while the grape varieties you choose should depend on your climate, and how much rainfall you receive. Lettuce is one of the most commonly grown vegetables, not only because it is an easy and adaptable one to grow, but also because there are so many different varieties of it. This is something that you can really take advantage of when planning an edible landscape, as the color and texture of leaves vary quite dramatically.
However, keep in mind that you will need to sow your lettuce leaves in succession, to make up for any bare patches once you harvest a lettuce. When it comes to pairing loose-leaf lettuce with an ornamental , tulips are always a pretty way to go. In terms of other leafy greens, Swiss chard or red chard produce leaves that are not only incredibly nutritious, but are large and textured, with vibrantly colored stalks. Of course, when talking about color, peppers should not be forgotten, both the sweet and spicy varieties.
Many hot varieties of pepper are actually stunning ornamental plants too, with dark foliage that works well in a pot. When it comes to other brassicas, many of these tend to feature quite muted colors, and similar large leaves.
If you really want a show-stopper, take a look at the Romanesco variety of broccoli, which boasts an incredibly abstract form and texture. Ornamental cabbages are another option, while the Sunset Cauliflower comes in a striking shade of orange. Red and purple kale varieties are also good plants to consider, especially for the backs of beds when you need something taller. Beans and peas are great climbing plants to include in your edible landscape, as these allow you to really make use of vertical spaces.
Have a look at varieties such as the scarlet runner bean , as these produce vivid red flowers that are also edible themselves. If you are looking for a vegetable ground cover, give squash a try, as you can eat the blossoms as well as the fruit. In terms of vegetables that are cheaper to grow than buy, asparagus is one of these, and actually lends itself quite well to an edible landscape.
Even once its spears have been harvested in the spring, asparagus will continue to produce tall, feathery plumes that provide a delicate backdrop for sunflowers or black-eyed Susans, making this a great vegetable for a garden with a modernist feel to it. If you have a large space that needs to be filled, it may be worth giving Jerusalem artichokes a try. Their foliage spreads to about four feet, and not only are they surprisingly easy to grow, but they also add an architectural elegance to any space.
With their prickly leaves, artichokes also act as a great deterrent to hungry animals. Although bamboo is technically in the grass family, this versatile ornamental plant is also an edible, with its new shoots offering a sweet flavor and a crunchy texture. If your edible landscape has an Asian theme to it, then bamboo is the perfect plant to incorporate.
In terms of plant height, this depends on the variety you choose, as some will grow to no more than six foot, while others will tower over your garden at 60 feet tall. If you do want to make Edible Landscaping Design Key the most of your edible bamboo shoots, opt for a variety such as Sweetshoot Bamboo or Tortoise Shell Bamboo , as these are the tastiest.
While the majority of traditional herbs out there come in shades of green, there are now so many different varieties of each available, many sporting bright and vibrant colors. These look especially striking when planted in a row to form edging. Rosemary is another decorative herb to consider, and can be purchased in an already-shaped topiary, which can really provide a talking point within your edible landscape. In addition to using herbs as focal points and accents in your garden, you can also make use of certain herbs for ground cover.
Thyme , especially creeping thyme, is great for this, as it grows extremely densely, flowers in the spring, and emits a gorgeous fragrance when it is walked over. Oregano and chamomile also make good ground cover options. Lavender is another intensely fragrant herb that would work well in an edible landscape, and while the clustered flowers do all share a shade of lavender, these colors vary from light and delicate to deep and bold, depending on the variety that you choose.
With their leafy foliage, many herbs actually provide a fantastic backdrop for flowers. Whether you do this in a pot, a bed or even a vase inside your home, try pairing the glossy green leaves of parsley , coriander, basil or sage , with your favorite florals. What do you already have? Animals add a whole different dynamic to edible landscapes, and require additional planning.
Ducks and chickens will quickly destroy e. However, the additional soil fertility, pest insect control, and protein eggs they provide, make them a great addition to a garden ecosystem.
Your goals for your edible landscape will affect how you change your property from its current state. Again, we recommend using our prepared checklist to organize your thoughts printable version here :. Above image: The back gardens at Tyrant Farms in April. Two years before this photo was taken, this area was a steep slope covered in poison ivy and kudzu.
Water and red mud would run off into the creek below during heavy rains. With dry stacked rock walls and wood steps, water and nutrients now stay on the property, helping to provide an attractive edible landscape for people and a cleaner creek for wildlife below.
The problem can be the solution! Bamboo and kudzu can be serious problems, but they can also be a great solution if you want to make trellises for climbing plants like beans, cucumbers, gourds, and others. The second thing to consider is a unifying theme for your edible landscape. Here are three simple suggestions for having a unifying visual element in your garden design:.
Use at least one consistent hardscaping material throughout the entirety of your landscape. This is the most efficient and effective way to connect the elements of your garden. As an example, rocks that already exist on your property would both unify the design and likely turn a problem�rocky soil�into a solution. No rocks? What garden trellises or fences are you naturally drawn to? Wrought iron? Painted lumber? Using whatever material you choose consistently throughout your landscape design will give you an intentional, planned appearance.
During the summer, many of their beds are also edged with dwarf zinnias, which bloom all season long, attracting pollinators and beneficial predatory insects. Zinnia flowers are also edible. Choose one plant variety to repeat frequently throughout your edible landscape. P referably choose something that stands out all season long vs.
For example, you might choose to use disease-resistant roses for their beauty, edible flowers, and edible rose hips. Some of the easiest in most climates include: zinnias, cosmos, cleome, marigolds, or rudbeckia. You can choose any plant species or variety you want for this purpose, whether it is an annual, perennial, edible, or ornamental. Make sure the plant you choose will grow in your USDA hardiness zone you can type your zip code into this site to find out what your zone is.
Remember to do your research on which edible plants thrive locally � and double check with your local garden center about the safest and easiest varieties to grow and consume. Get our best gardening advice and outdoor ideas delivered straight to your inbox. Privacy Policy. Home Outdoors Landscaping and Hardscaping Design. Edible Landscape Design. Edible landscape design brings the bounties of the harvest straight to your door.
Pinterest Facebook Twitter Email. Herb Garden Herb Garden. By: Kristi York Wooten. Edible Garden Design Transform your yard into a tasty buffet by planting a mix of edible plants that look as good as they taste. Landscaping Design Styles Choose a landscaping design style that matches the personality of your home. How to Plan a Landscape Design Learn the four steps to creating a scale plan for your landscaping project.
Sustainable Landscape Design Sustainable landscaping pairs plants that benefit each other � and you. Low-Maintenance Landscaping Design Ideas Low-maintenance landscaping can bring maximum pleasure with minimal design. Tropical Landscaping Design Ideas Tropical landscaping ideas for colorful yards in warm climates. Serviceberry Tree: A Small Tree You Should Know and Love These trouble-free trees and shrubs are easy to grow and provide fall color, spring flowers and edible berries.
Contemporary Landscape Design Contemporary landscape design is all about natural beauty. Choosing Landscaping Materials Learn how to shop for plants, patio pavers and other items you need to redo your outdoor space. Four Beautiful Landscape Updates These strategic landscaping upgrades add style to any boring front yard.
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