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Toward a better understanding of the North Pacific: Reflecting on the past and steering for the future. Abstracts for oral presentations are sorted first by session and then by presentation time. Abstracts for posters are sorted by session and then by paper ID number.

Presenter name is in bold-face type and underlined. Some abstracts in this collection are not edited and are printed in the condition they were received. Presentations In order to allow the sessions to run smoothly, and in fairness to other speakers, please note that all presentations are expected to adhere strictly to the time allocated. All authors should designate at least 5 minutes for questions.

Important: Please rename your files - time-name. If complications occur due to incompatibilities between PCs and Macs, Macintosh owners may use their own computers to make presentations. Posters will be on display from October 21 a. Internet access Internet access via wireless LAN will be available.

A few desktop computers will also be available for participants. Four teams can play at the same time on two indoor courts. About 60 people can play and many cheering attendees are welcome.

Bus transportation will be arranged. Participants, please bring clean sports shoes! After the volleyball game, Korean style fried chicken and beer will be served, landscaping kingston tasmania energy. Please sign up for participation at the Registration Desk. Closed meetings Poster presenters are expected to be available to answer questions. Toward a better understanding of the North Coastal Home Landscaping Ideas Limited Pacific: Reflecting on the past and steering for the future Strengths and limitations of habitat modeling: Techniques, data sources, and predictive capabilities.

Tipping points: defining reference points for ecological indicators of multiple stressors in coastal and marine ecosystem Use of long time series of plankton to inform decisions in management and policy concerning climate, ecosystems and fisheries Ecosystem considerations in fishery management of cod and other important demersal species.

Linkages between the winter distribution of Pacific salmon and their marine ecosystems and how this might be altered with climate change Mitigation of harmful algal blooms: Novel approaches to a decades long problem affecting the viability of natural and aquaculture fisheries Networking ocean observatories around the North Pacific Ocean.

Red tides in North Pacific coastal waters: What have we learned and what else do we need to know? E-mail: hjjeong snu. A red tide is defined as discoloration of the sea surface water landscaping kingston tasmania energy to plankton bloom. Red tides can cause largescale mortalities of fish and shellfish and alter the balance of marine food webs. Thus, understanding and managing red tides are urgent tasks.

There have been numerous red tide events in North Pacific coastal waters. Some red tides caused great loss in aquaculture industry. For example, red tides dominated by the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides caused losses of USD 60 million in the Korean aquaculture industry in and USD 20 million in The Canadian, landscaping kingston tasmania energy, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Russian, and USA governments and private industries have spent a large proportion of their budgets to improve prediction, monitoring, and control of red tides.

Due to these efforts, landscaping kingston tasmania energy, our understanding and managing red tides are much landscaping kingston tasmania energy. Understanding red tide organisms, mechanisms of the outbreak, spread, and decline of red tides, and harmful effects on marine organisms, managing red tides and reducing their economic impacts, and developing effective methods of detecting and monitoring red tide organisms are major topics in red landscaping kingston tasmania energy research.

I reviewed the trends in the outbreak of red tides in North Pacific coastal waters and results of the red tide research in north Pacific countries. Furthermore, I provided an insight on future research for better understanding red tides in North Pacific coastal waters.

While they have advanced our knowledge of the patterns and mechanisms of ecosystem change in the North Pacific, many unknowns remain. FUTURE is developing a predictive capability for North Pacific ecosystem change, but many fundamental scientific questions remain that are beyond its scope. PICES is an opportunity for a diverse scientific community to assess the current understanding of marine ecosystems in the North Pacific, to broadly discuss scientific questions that are not being adequately addressed, and to identify the fundamental scientific questions that remain to be answered.

Red tides in North Pacific coastal waters: What have we learned and what else do landscaping kingston tasmania energy need to know Keynote? Hae Jin Jeong. Hendriks, Melissa Chierici and Carlos M. Northwestern Pacific subarctic marine ecosystems structure and possible trends of it changing in nearest future Elena P. How much do we know about the regime shift in the southwestern East Sea ecosystem? The use of physical decomposition to analyze interannual climate variability in the southern Indian Ocean Yi Cai.

High fishery production supported by complex coastal ecosystems Invited Akihide Kasai. Hegemony and shared dominance in marine capture fisheries Robert Blasiak and Nobuyuki Yagi. Projected responses of the central North Pacific pelagic ecosystem to climate-induced changes in micronekton communities C. So now people believe that the ocean is changing And so is the climate. NOW what? Jake Rice. Iris E. Hendriks1, Melissa Chierici2 and Carlos M.

Ocean acidification due to invasion of landscaping kingston tasmania energy waters by anthropogenic CO2 has emerged as a major concern due to the potential impacts on marine calcifiers. The argument that polar oceans are in imminent risk of ocean acidification has found widespread echo among policy makers and is proposed to guide CO2 emission thresholds, landscaping kingston tasmania energy.

However, many uncertainties about Arctic acidification remain on the multiple possible pathways for Arctic Ocean acidification and the vulnerability of Arctic biota to these changes. We show that 1 the Arctic Ocean shows the lowest fCO2 levels in the ocean, due to the combined effect of strong biological and ice pumps, 2 current model projections are lacking refinement, 3 future ice loss, freshening and impacts on primary production may either buffer or amplify Arctic acidification, with different mechanisms dominating in different regions of the Arctic Ocean, and 4 experimental evidence on the vulnerability of Arctic calcifiers to ocean acidification is poor or lacking altogether for most species, which may be less vulnerable to low carbonate saturation states than hitherto believed.

We conclude that the Arctic Ocean is at a crossroads, where ongoing and future freshening and the strength of biological responses to climate change are likely to play an overriding role in buffering or amplifying ecosystem responses to acidification. Recently autumn bloom of phytoplankton was found in the region N and E. This area corresponds to the termination of a quasi-steady warm water jet which separated from the Kuroshio Extension. The quasi-steady jet flows parallel to the subarctic current landscaping kingston tasmania energy horizontally entrains the nutrient rich subarctic water.

Additionally, the warm and saline water transported by the quasi-steady jet possibly contribute to deep wintertime mixed layer formation and hence nutrient rich water is supplied from the deep layer to the surface. These horizontal and vertical nutrient supplies resulted in high primary production that possibly create offshore ecological hotspots in the western North Pacific. Indeed, there is a nursery ground of small pelagic fishes in that region.

The strength of the quasi-steady jet showed decadal variability accompanied with the meridional shit of the Kuroshio Extension. It is still unclear how the decadal fluctuation of quasi-steady jet influence on the formation of the offshore ecological hotspots and hence on the recruitment of the small pelagic fish. It is a big challenge for us to investigate impacts of fluctuations in limited local key areas to large marine ecosystems.

What goes on beneath the waves and when were not watching John A, landscaping kingston tasmania energy. While predictions of future changes in North Pacific marine ecosytems surely rely on large-scale observational data sets and relatively coarse resolution coupled climate models, important ecosystem dynamics occur at much smaller scales.

Mesoscale km currents and eddies, landscaping kingston tasmania energy, as well as submesocale mkm fronts, frontal instabilities, current convergences and large-amplitude internal waves are places of intense biophysical interaction. These relatively small features are sometimes captured by high spatial resolution satellite measurements temperature, color, chlorophylllandscaping kingston tasmania energy few observations exist of their full three-dimensional structure beneath the sea surface, landscaping kingston tasmania energy.

Progress has been made with focused ship-based surveys in regions of intense biophysical interaction, but much goes on when the ships must return to port.

Features at these fine horizontal, temporal and vertical scales are not captured in our models and, because they are poorly observed and understood, are difficult to parameterize in models. New tools are emerging to make measurements at the meso- to submesoscales.

Both new sensors and new observational platforms, for landscaping kingston tasmania energy underwater gliders, are opening our eyes to intense, short-scale variability beneath the waves.

Examples include upper-ocean fronts, wintertime freshwater-driven currents, mesoscale surface-intensified eddies, subsurface boundary current eddies, and large-amplitude internal waves. While these new views are intriguing, we still lack the measurements necessary to understand ecosystem dynamics at these scales.

Concerted field efforts with new tools and informed by high-resolution modeling are needed. PICES is an ideal forum to encourage such efforts, with the goal to improve our understanding and predictive capability for changing North Pacific marine ecosystems.

E-mail: Jackie. King dfo-mpo. This is fundamental since it involves the characterization of uncertainty in those trends and responses and is required for forecasting future ecosystem states, landscaping kingston tasmania energy, the other two elements of FUTURE. PICES continues to make progress in understanding the mechanisms underlying ecosystem response to natural and landscaping kingston tasmania energy forcings and in improving forecasting capabilities.

The next challenge for FUTURE will be to apply the outputs of ocean-climate forecasting activities to answering some of the outstanding questions that are posed in the FUTURE Science Plan, namely those dealing coastal pressures and cumulative impacts.

An important fraction of the observed changes in the structure and function of the marine ecosystem are driven by external pressures such as fishing and climate.

Over the last decades important advances have been made in understanding different aspects of Pacific climate variability and change. These include the recognition that 1 the El Nio Southern Oscillation ENSO is characterized by different tropical expressions and extra-tropical teleconnections, which have distinct impacts on North Pacific marine ecosystems, 2 new modes of North Pacific decadal variability, such as the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation NPGOexplain a larger fraction of the observed ecosystem variability over the last two decades, and 3 multiple physical mechanisms connect the North Pacific eastern and western coastal boundaries on decadal timescales, and impact coastal marine ecosystem both through surface e.

In this talk we provide a synthesis of the progress made on understanding the impacts of these climate mechanisms on North Pacific marine ecosystems, and discuss the challenges of using these advances in North Pacific climate research to generate marine ecosystem forecasts. These studies include an analysis of the status and dynamics of pelagic and benthic communities in the Sea of Okhotsk and the western Bering Sea, landscaping kingston tasmania energy.

The new data obtained during ecosystem studies had changed our point of view about the scale of variability natural phenomena in the seas and revealed greater value of biological productivity. In addition a lot number of trends and great changes were identified in the pelagic and benthic communities and these changes are important for understanding of natural processes and their impact on fishery resources and management, landscaping kingston tasmania energy.

Apart from new information about the total biomass, diet ratio of species which represented the middle and higher trophic levels allowed us to estimate the extent of food consumption by species and calculate approximate energy flow diagrams for the Bering Sea and Sea of Okhotsk.

In recent years, landscaping kingston tasmania energy, the study of chemical and isotopic composition, as well as calculations of the energy value of species allowed to obtain a better real view of their locations in food webs.

This data creates the prerequisites for constructing more perfect biological models and develop new ideas about the natural phenomena and processes. The new database which containing extensive information about the composition, quantitative distribution of the pelagic community nekton were created in s.

Analysis of the spatial dynamics of integral characteristics the pelagic biota of the northwestern Pacific allows to determine variability of impacts for detachment of natural zones for different biological components in the region, landscaping kingston tasmania energy. The possible versions for biocenological zoning of epipelagic nekton were developed on base of the database. E-mail: sjyoo kiost. We investigated the regime shift in the southwestern East Sea ecosystem by reconstructing a longterm chlorophyll a time series from Secchi depth data for We put forward a hypothesis that several landscaping kingston tasmania energy, anthropogenic and climate change-related, worked together to induce the jump in the lower trophic level: continuously increasing atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic nitrogen, continuously increasing nitrate loading of the Changjiang River, and sudden increase of Changjiang discharge around

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